What is an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS)?

An Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) is a critical document that evaluates the potential environmental effects of proposed federal actions. It is required under the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and serves to inform decision-makers and the public about the anticipated environmental impacts, alternatives to the proposed action, and mitigation measures. The EIS process ensures that environmental factors are considered alongside economic and technical aspects before a decision is made on a project.

This document is integral in fostering transparency and public involvement in the environmental review process, allowing stakeholders to understand how a project may affect natural resources and local communities. By assessing the potential impacts on air, water, land, wildlife, and human health, the EIS contributes to more sustainable decision-making regarding federal projects.

Other options, while they may describe important aspects related to environmental management, do not accurately capture the specific purpose and content of an Environmental Impact Statement. An EIS focuses exclusively on environmental assessments rather than economic reports, waste management plans, or community outreach strategies. Such distinctions highlight the role of an EIS as a specialized tool for understanding and mitigating environmental consequences associated with federally proposed actions.